成人T淋巴细胞白血病病毒I型 (HTLV -I)的感染可导致HTLV相关性脊髓病 (HAM) ,也称痉挛性下肢麻痹 (TSP) ,造成脊髓慢性进行性炎症反应 ,脊髓的灰质和白质大量淋巴细胞和单核细胞的浸润并伴有髓磷脂和轴索的减少及脱失。本文通过HTLV -I感染中枢神经系统的临床特征、病原学、病理学、免疫学及分子生物学的相关研究 ,阐述HTLV -I感染所致的中枢神经系统免疫病理性损害及其致病机理。 Infection with HTLV-I causes HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM), also known as spasmodic lower limb paralysis (TSP), resulting in a chronic, progressive inflammatory response in the spinal cord. Large amounts of gray matter and white matter in the spinal cord Infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes with concomitant reduction and loss of myelin and axons. In this paper, HTLV-I infected CNS clinical features, etiology, pathology, immunology and molecular biology related research, described HTLV -I infection caused by central nervous system immunopathological damage and its pathogenesis.