Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an epidemic metabolic condition driven by an underlying lipid homeostasis disorder.The lipid droplet (LD),the main organelle involved in neutral lipid storage and hydrolysis,is a potential target for NAFLD therapeutic treatment.In this review,we summarize recent progress elucidating the connections between LD-associated proteins and NAFLD found by genome-wide association studies (GWAS),genomic and proteomic studies.Finally,we discuss a possible mechanism by which the protein 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 (17β-HSD13) may promote the development of NAFLD.