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目的了解医院感染现状、抗生素使用及重要病原菌检出情况,为提高医院感染管理水平提供科学依据。方法采用现患率调查方法,以床旁询问病史与在架病历调查相结合进行个案调查;对调查日处于医院感染状态的病例进行统计分析。结果共有住院患者1 010例,实查率98.8%,医院感染现患率4.9%,例次现患率为5.0%;院感部位以下呼吸道46.0%居首位,神经外科和重症医学科为高发科室,其次是上呼吸道12.0%和切口感染12.0%;病原学检查率63.3%,院感常见病原菌前2位为金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌;抗生素使用率31.4%,治疗性用药占66.5%。结论加强重点科室及高危人群的目标性监测,合理应用抗生素,可有效预防和降低医院感染。
Objective To understand the current situation of nosocomial infection, the use of antibiotics and the detection of important pathogenic bacteria in order to provide a scientific basis for improving the management of nosocomial infections. Methods The current prevalence rate survey method was used to carry out a case-by-case survey on the bedside inquiry history and case history records. Statistical analyzes were carried out on the cases of hospital infection on the survey day. Results A total of 1 010 inpatients were hospitalized, the actual examination rate was 98.8%, the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 4.9%, and the prevalence rate was 5.0%. The respiratory tract below the nosocomial sensory area ranked first with 46.0%. Neurosurgery and Critical Care Medicine were high- Followed by 12.0% of the upper respiratory tract and incision infection of 12.0%; 63.3% of pathogenic tests, the first two Nosocomial pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae; antibiotic use rate of 31.4%, 66.5% . Conclusion To strengthen the targeted surveillance of key departments and high-risk groups, rational use of antibiotics can effectively prevent and reduce nosocomial infections.