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为掌握园林常见蜘蛛对害虫的控制能力,在实验室条件下研究了不同发育期机敏异漏斗蛛Allagelena difficilis(Fox)对黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster的捕食行为及其功能反应,并对雌、雄蛛捕食能力进行了比较。结果表明,机敏异漏斗蛛幼蛛和成蛛的捕食行为谱相似,均可分为靠近、奔向和试探、捕获、吸食、残体处理、清理附肢和休整,但具体行为稍有差异;对机敏异漏斗蛛雌性成蛛捕食黑腹果蝇的功能反应拟合,其结果符合HollingⅡ型方程:Na=1.003N/(1+0.002N),r2=0.98,其瞬间攻击率为0.95。雌蛛在未孕卵时其捕食量与雄性成蛛相近,但孕卵雌成蛛捕食量明显高于雄蛛。此结果可以为机敏异漏斗蛛的研究和利用提供依据。
To master the control ability of common spiders on pests in gardens, the predation behavior and functional response of Allagelena difficilis (Fox), a sensitive species from different developmental stages, to Drosophila melanogaster were studied under laboratory conditions. Spider predation ability was compared. The results showed that the predation behavioral profiles of spiders and spiders were similar, which could be classified as approaching, exploring and exploring, catching, taking in, treating debris, clearing appendages and resting, but the specific behaviors were slightly different. The results showed that the instantaneous attack rate was 0.95 for Na = 1.003N / (1 + 0.002N) and r2 = 0.98. Female spiders did not get the same amount of predation as males when they did not get their eggs, but the female predation of female spiders was significantly higher than that of male spiders. This result can provide the basis for the research and utilization of alert spider.