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近几年中国农业部监督抽查的结果显示,硝基呋喃类残留仍是养殖水产品中检出率较高的隐患之一。由于缺乏硝基呋喃在养殖动物体内蓄积和残留消除规律等基础数据,不能明确药物残留的具体来源和时间,使管理者在决策中缺乏依据,难以明确监管和执法的重点。在模拟自然养殖条件下,研究了呋喃唑酮代谢物3-氨基-2-恶唑烷酮(AOZ)在杂交鳢(斑鳢Channa maculata♀×乌鳢Channa argus♂)体内的残留及消除规律。在35±2.5℃水温条件下,对杂交鳢苗种按2%体重的量投喂含3‰呋喃唑酮的药饵,每天投喂3次,连续投喂5 d。从投喂开始于0.5、1、2、4、8、12、24、48、96、192、288、384、480、720、960、1 200、1 440、1 920、2 400、2 880、3 600 h取样,采用液质联用(HPLCMS)方法测定肌肉中AOZ的含量。结果表明,从给药开始0.5~24 h,肌肉中AOZ含量从800.18±8.45μg/kg逐渐升高至5 686.65±11.16μg/kg;在48~96 h,肌肉中的AOZ残留量变化不大,维持在5 420.65±10.81至5 390.08±7.24μg/kg之间;停止给药后2 880 h(120 d)低于检测限0.5μg/kg。结果表明,由于呋喃唑酮在杂交鳢体内的代谢时间较长,建议政府及相关部门加大对该种禁用药物的监督抽查力度。
In recent years, the results of the supervision and spot check by the Ministry of Agriculture of China show that the residues of nitrofurans are still one of the hidden dangers with a higher detection rate in farmed aquatic products. Due to the lack of basic data such as the regularity of accumulation and residual elimination of nitrofurans in farmed animals, the specific sources and time of drug residues can not be clearly defined, which makes managers lack of basis in decision-making and can not clearly understand the key points of supervision and law enforcement. In simulated natural culture conditions, the furazolidone metabolite 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ) in the hybrid 鳢 (Channa maculata × × 鳢 Channa argus♂) body residues and elimination rules. Under the condition of 35 ± 2.5 ℃ water temperature, the hybrid bait seedlings were fed with 3 ‰ furazolidone by 2% body weight. The bait was fed 3 times a day for 5 days. From the beginning of feeding 0.5,1,2,4,8,12,24,48,96,192,288,384,480,720,960,1 200,1404 920,2400,2 880, 3 600 h sampling, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLCMS) method to determine the content of AOZ muscle. The results showed that the AOZ content in muscle gradually increased from 800.18 ± 8.45μg / kg to 5 686.65 ± 11.16μg / kg from 0.5 to 24 h after the start of administration, and the AOZ content in muscle changed little from 48 to 96 h , Maintained at 5 420.65 ± 10.81 to 5 390.08 ± 7.24 μg / kg; and the limit of detection below 0.5 μg / kg at 2 880 h (120 days) after discontinuation of administration. The results show that, due to furazolidone metabolism in the hybrid body longer time, it is recommended that the government and relevant departments to step up supervision of the banned drugs.