优先购买权亦称“先买权”,是特定人依约定或法律规定于所有人(义务人)出卖动产或不动产时有依同样条件优先购买之权利。优先购买权是法律赋予特定人的一项特别权利,其存在是以对他人的限制为必须,因而有必要对其性质及使用条件进行研究,以使该制度在保护权利人时不致损害他人利益,使其功能得到最大发挥。 The preemptive right, also called “preemptive right”, is the right of a particular person to purchase preemptively on the same conditions when the owner (obligor) betray the movable or immovable property as agreed or required by law. The right of preemption is a special right granted to a particular person by law. Its existence is necessary for the restriction of others. Therefore, it is necessary to study its nature and conditions of use so that the system will not damage the interests of others when protecting the right people , To maximize its function.