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用可见分光光度法研究了水-乙醇体系析相萃取分离和富集PdBr42-的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明,(NH4)2SO4能使乙醇的水溶液分成两相,在分相过程中,Pd(Ⅱ)与KBr生成的PdBr42-与质子化乙醇(C2H5OH2+)形成的缔合物[PdBr42-][C2H5OH2+]2能被乙醇相完全萃取。当乙醇、KBr和(NH4)2SO4分别为30%、6.0×10-3 mol/L、0.3 g/mL,pH 3时,PdBr42-的萃取率达到98.6%以上,Fe(Ⅲ),Al(Ⅲ),Cr(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Cu(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Co(Ⅱ),Mn(Ⅱ),V(Ⅴ),U(Ⅵ),Pb(Ⅱ),Ru(Ⅲ),Rh(Ⅲ)和Hg(Ⅱ)基本不被萃取,实现了Pd(Ⅱ)与上述金属离子的分离。
The separation and enrichment of PdBr42- in water-ethanol system were studied by visible spectrophotometry and the separation conditions with some metal ions were investigated. The results showed that (NH4) 2SO4 could separate the aqueous solution of ethanol into two phases. During the phase separation process, PdBr42- and protonated ethanol (C2H5OH2 +) formed by Pd (Ⅱ) and KBr formed [PdBr42 -] [C2H5OH2 + ] 2 can be completely extracted ethanol phase. The extraction rate of PdBr42- reached over 98.6% when the concentrations of ethanol, KBr and (NH4) 2SO4 were 30%, 6.0 × 10-3 mol / L, 0.3 g / mL and pH 3 respectively. (Ⅱ), Mn (Ⅱ), V (Ⅴ), U (Ⅵ), Pb (Ⅱ), Cr (Ⅲ), Ag ), Ru (Ⅲ), Rh (Ⅲ) and Hg (Ⅱ) were not extracted, and the separation of Pd (Ⅱ) from the metal ions was achieved.