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目的:探讨压力负荷诱导大鼠心肌肥厚和左室舒张功能的评价方法。方法:采用横向主动脉缩窄法(TAC)建立压力负荷诱导大鼠心肌重塑模型,应用超声心动图、有创血流动力学检测及心肌组织中羟脯氨酸含量测定等方法评价左室结构和舒张功能。结果:(1)超声心动图测定的TAC组术后3周大鼠左室壁厚度显著大于假手术组[前壁:(1.71±0.11)mm vs(1.43±0.06)mm,P<0.01;后壁(1.78±0.03)mm vs(1.44±0.02)mm,P<0.01];TAC组术后3周左室后壁心肌舒张早期运动速度(E’)与假手术组相比显著下降[(52.1±0.8)mm.s-1vs(63.8±1.5)mm.s-1,P<0.01],术后6周进一步降低。(2)解剖称重左室重量/胫骨长度在TAC组显著高于假手术组[3周:(19.6±1.1)mg.mm-1 vs(14.8±0.6)mg.mm-1,P<0.01;6周:(23.2±0.9)mg.mm-1 vs(15.6±0.7)mg.mm-1,P<0.01]。(3)TAC组校正的左室内压力最大下降速度(dp/dtmin/LVSP)在术后3周有下降趋势(48.9±5.9 vs 63.5±9.9),术后6周下降显著(35.4±4.0 vs 54.4±2.9,P<0.01)。(4)天狼猩红染色可见TAC组血管周围胶原沉积明显多于假手术组,术后6周TAC组心肌组织中羟脯氨酸含量显著高于假手术组[(465.3±17.3)μg vs(351.4±8.2)μg,P<0.05]。结论:超声心动图组织多普勒测定左室后壁心肌运动速度是评价压力负荷心肌重塑大鼠早期左室舒张功能异常的可靠指标。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the assessment of cardiac hypertrophy and left ventricular diastolic function induced by pressure overload in rats. Methods: The rat model of myocardial remodeling induced by pressure load was established by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). The left ventricular (LV) and left ventricular (LV) were determined by echocardiography, invasive hemodynamics and hydroxyproline content in myocardium Structure and diastolic function. Results: (1) The left ventricular wall thickness of the TAC group was significantly higher than that of the sham-operated group [(1.71 ± 0.11) mm vs (1.43 ± 0.06) mm, P <0.01; (1.78 ± 0.03) mm vs (1.44 ± 0.02) mm respectively, P <0.01]. Compared with the sham-operated group, the early diastolic velocity (E ’) of the left ventricular posterior wall in the TAC group decreased significantly ± 0.8) mm.s-1vs (63.8 ± 1.5) mm.s-1, P <0.01], and further decreased at 6 weeks. (2) Left ventricular weight / tibia length were significantly higher in the TAC group than in the sham operation group [3 weeks: (19.6 ± 1.1) mg.mm-1 vs (14.8 ± 0.6) mg.mm-1, P <0.01 ; 6 weeks: (23.2 ± 0.9) mg.mm-1 vs (15.6 ± 0.7) mg.mm-1, P <0.01]. (3) The maximum decreasing rate of left ventricular pressure (dp / dtmin / LVSP) in TAC group decreased at 3 weeks after operation (48.9 ± 5.9 vs 63.5 ± 9.9) and decreased significantly at 6 weeks after operation (35.4 ± 4.0 vs 54.4 ± 2.9, P <0.01). (4) Compared with the sham-operated group, the peri-vascular collagen deposition in TAC group was significantly higher than that in the sham-operation group (P <0.05). (4) The hydroxyproline content in myocardial tissue of TAC group was significantly higher than that of sham operation group 351.4 ± 8.2) μg, P <0.05]. Conclusion: Echocardiography Doppler tissue myocardial velocity measurement of left ventricular posterior wall is a reliable indicator to evaluate the early left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in myocardial remodeling rats after pressure overload.