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用石腊制片法,对普通小麦“中国春”Triticum aestivum Lcv.ChineseSpring和簇毛麦Dasypyrum villosum (L) Candargy杂交的受精和早期胚胎发育进行了观察。结果表明, 簇毛麦花粉在小麦柱头上萌发良好, 花粉管可顺利长入花柱和胚囊。观察的210个小麦子房中, 13.81% 发生了双受精, 产生胚和胚乳; 16.19% 发生了卵细胞单受精,只产生胚而无胚乳;4.76% 发生了极核单受精,产生胚乳而无胚; 总受精率为34.76% ,成胚率为30.00% 。由于胚乳发育滞后于合子发育,生理不协调,胚乳缺乏或发育异常或解体, 最终难以获得有生活力的种子。在授粉后7～11d对杂种幼胚通过组织培养, 实行离体拯救, 会提高杂种植株的获得率, 为成功的簇毛麦外源基因转移到小麦中提供杂种生殖生物学证据。
The fertilization and early embryo development of Triticum aestivum Lcv.Chinese Spring and the Dasypyrum villosum (Candida) hybrids of common wheat “Chinese Spring” were observed by paraffin method. The results showed that the germination of cluster hay pollen on the stigma of wheat was good, and the pollen tube could grow smoothly into the style and embryo sac. Of the 210 wheat ovaries observed, 13.81% double fertilized, resulting in embryos and endosperm; 16.19% single egg fertilization occurred, only embryos without endosperm; 4.76% polar single nuclear fertilization, endosperm without embryos The total fertilization rate was 34.76% and the embryogenesis rate was 30.00%. Endosperm development lags behind zygotic development, physiological incompatibility, lack of endosperm or abnormal development or disintegration, ultimately making it difficult to obtain viable seeds. After 7-11 days of pollination, hybrid embryos were rescued through tissue culture in vitro, which will increase the yield of hybrid plants and provide hybrid reproductive biology evidence for the successful transfer of foreign genes from wheat husks.