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近年来,钠离子电池以其独特的优势引起了研究者广泛的关注,有望成为下一代可商业化的储能设备。然而,钠离子电池的发展也面临着诸多的挑战。以普鲁士蓝为代表的新型储能材料,具有开放式框架体系和多孔道结构,能容纳钠离子自由快速脱嵌,从而有效提高钠离子电池的电化学性能。本文从制备工艺、材料机理、修饰方法三方面综述了普鲁士蓝材料在钠离子电池领域的应用现状。特别介绍了迁移离子、过渡金属、结合水与空位对钠离子电池电化学性能的影响。同时,总结了基于普鲁士蓝类材料的水性电池、杂化电池和适配电解液的研究现状。最后,对目前应用中存在的问题和研究重点做了简要评论,展望了该研究领域下一步的发展方向和应用前景。
In recent years, sodium ion batteries have attracted the attention of researchers due to their unique advantages and are expected to become the next generation of commercial energy storage devices. However, the development of sodium-ion batteries also faces many challenges. The new energy storage material represented by Prussian blue has an open frame system and a multi-channel structure, which can freely and quickly release the sodium ions, thereby effectively improving the electrochemical performance of the sodium ion battery. This article reviews the application status of Prussian blue in the field of sodium ion battery from three aspects: preparation technology, material mechanism and modification method. In particular, the effects of migrating ions, transition metals, bound water and vacancies on the electrochemical performance of sodium ion batteries were introduced. At the same time, the research status of aqueous batteries based on Prussian blue materials, hybrid cells and electrolyte was summarized. At last, we make a brief comment on the existing problems and research priorities in the field of application, and look forward to the next development direction and application prospects in this field.