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目的了解揭阳市乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)的发病情况,为制订有效的防制措施提供科学依据。方法从《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中导出数据库,用SPSS13.0的χ2检验进行数据处理,采用描述性流行病学方法对揭阳市2004-2008年乙肝疫情和流行特征进行分析。结果揭阳市2004-2008年共报告乙肝病例3680例,年均发病率为12.54/10万,发病无明显季节性,病例主要集中于20～59岁的青壮年,占总报告数的76.74%,男性发病率明显高于女性(χ2=657.92,P=0.0047),各县区发病率无明显差别(χ2=0.86845,P=0.9290),职业以农民、家务及待业为主,两者占总数的56.79%。结论揭阳市乙肝发病率低于全省的平均水平,但近年有上升趋势,应继续采取以免疫接种提高易感人群免疫力为主的综合防制措施,在做好儿童常规乙肝疫苗接种的同时,提高其他易感人群的乙肝疫苗接种率。
Objective To understand the incidence of hepatitis B (referred to as hepatitis B) in Jieyang City and provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures. Methods The database was derived from “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”, and the data were processed with χ2 test of SPSS13.0. The epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Jieyang from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 3680 hepatitis B cases were reported in Jieyang from 2004 to 2008, with an average annual incidence of 12.54 / 100000. There was no obvious seasonal change in the incidence. The cases mainly concentrated in young adults aged 20-59 years, accounting for 76.74% of the total reported cases. The incidence of males was significantly higher than that of females (χ2 = 657.92, P = 0.0047). There was no significant difference among the counties (χ2 = 0.86845, P = 0.9290) 56.79%. Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis B in Jieyang City is lower than the average level of the province, but there is an upward trend in recent years. Comprehensive prevention and control measures based on immunization of susceptible population should continue to be taken. While doing routine hepatitis B vaccination in children, , To raise the hepatitis B vaccination rate of other susceptible people.