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资料匮乏区地表水化学特征调查是区域环境研究的基础,也是识别气候变化、地质构造等环境因素与径流过程相互作用的有效途径。基于2013年和2014年实测的离子化学数据,利用Gibbs相关分析及离子关系对比等经典地质化学分析方法,对蒙古中北部主要湖泊和河流离子化学特征及其主要控制因素进行分析。结果表明:该地区地表水体呈弱碱至碱性,河水中TDS平均值约为114.0 mg/L,并具有明显的空间差异。Ca~(2+)和HCO_3~-普遍为该区地表水体中的优势离子;地表水体中离子主要来源于岩石风化过程,且以碳酸盐和硫酸盐矿物的风化作用最为强烈。该区目前地表水体水质呈良好状态,但硝酸盐呈一定的积累态势,因此人类活动对该区域水质的影响需要引起高度重视。
Investigation of surface water chemical characteristics in scarce areas is the basis of regional environmental studies and an effective way to identify the interaction between environmental factors such as climate change and geological structure and runoff processes. Based on the ion chemistry data measured in 2013 and 2014, the chemical characteristics of major lakes and rivers in central and northern Mongolia and their main controlling factors were analyzed by means of classical geochemical analysis such as Gibbs correlation analysis and ion correlation. The results showed that the surface water bodies in the area showed a weak base to alkaline, and the average TDS in the river water was about 114.0 mg / L with obvious spatial differences. Ca 2+ and HCO 3 - are the dominant ions in the surface water. The ions in the surface water mainly come from the rock weathering process, and the carbonate and sulfate minerals are the most weathered. At present, the water quality of surface water in this area is in a good condition, but the nitrate shows a certain accumulation trend. Therefore, the human activities on the water quality in this area need to attach great importance.