提到启发式教育,人们常常引用孔子的一段话:“不愤不启,不悱不发。举一隅不以三隅反,则不复也。”何谓“不愤不启,不悱不发”? 东汉郑玄的解释是:“必待其人心愤愤、口悱悱,乃后启发为说之。”(重点是笔者加的,下同) 宋儒也有人认为:“不待愤悱而发,则知之不能坚固;待其愤悱而发,则沛然矣。”他们都强调一个“待”字。 When it comes to heuristic education, one often quotes a passage by Confucius saying: “Do not indignantly or irrelevantly. Do not raise a corner without trifling.” What does “not indignant, indifferent” ? Eastern Han Zheng Xuan’s explanation is: “to be their anger, mouth 悱 悱, is inspired after that.” (Emphasis is added to the author, the same below) Some people think Songru: “Do not be angry until the anger, then Knowing can not be strong; to be their anger and hair, then Pei Ran. ”They all emphasize a“ waiting ”word.