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该发明包括提供许多基本上平行且间距相等的震源线,每条线由多个等间距的地震能量震源组成。同时提供许多基本上平行且间距相等的接收钱,每条线由多个等间距的地震能量接收器组成。震源线和接收线以横向交叉方式布置,形成矩形网格,这样震源和接收器在每隔一个或多个交点处是基本重合的。对于每次地震扰动,产生一组共中心点地震反射(CMP)。每个CMP形成多个子面元中的一个面元的中心,而多个子面元共同形成一个标准面元。换句话说,只要稍微改变震源、接收器和线的间距,使接收器和震源仅在每隔一个或多个交点处重合,每个面元内CMP的数量就会成倍增加。在处理地震测量结果的过程中可增加或去掉邻近的面元,把标准面元调整到大小合适的尺寸,从而允许勘探人员在增加覆盖次数或提高分辨率之间做出优化选择。
The invention includes providing a plurality of focal lines substantially parallel and equally spaced, each line being comprised of a plurality of equally spaced seismic energy sources. At the same time, a number of receiving money is provided that are substantially parallel and equally spaced, each line being comprised of a plurality of equally spaced seismic energy receivers. The source and receiver lines are arranged in a transverse crossover pattern to form a rectangular grid such that the source and receiver are substantially coincident at every other intersection or intersections. For each seismic disturbance, a set of centroid seismic reflections (CMPs) are generated. Each CMP forms the center of one of the multiple sub-binders, and the multiple sub-binders together form a standard bin. In other words, the number of CMPs per bin increases exponentially as long as the source and receiver spacing are slightly changed so that the receiver and source coincide only at every other crossing or intersections. Adjacent binning can be added or removed while the seismic measurements are being processed, and standard binning can be resized to the right size, allowing exploration personnel to make optimal choices between increasing coverage or increasing resolution.