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糖尿病是一种常见病、多发病,其患病率呈上升趋势,且认为这种上升趋势与环境因素有关,但具体的影响因素目前尚不明确。特定蜡状芽孢杆菌株分泌的致吐毒素主要存在于淀粉类食物中,由于其耐热、耐酸及不易被蛋白水解酶破坏的特性,使其很难从食物及消化道清除。致吐毒素具有钾离子载体的特性,通过破坏胰岛β细胞线粒体跨膜电位导致胰岛素分泌减少以及细胞凋亡。体外研究显示,极低剂量的致吐毒素也具有毒性作用,而胰岛β细胞对其尤为敏感。然而目前尚缺乏相关的体内研究,未来亟需进行相关体内研究,以进一步阐明致吐毒素与糖尿病发生的相关性。
Diabetes mellitus is a common and frequently-occurring disease, and its prevalence is on the rise. It is believed that this upward trend is related to environmental factors, but the specific influencing factors are not yet clear. The specific form of toxiotoxin secreted by Bacillus cereus strains is mainly found in starchy foods and is difficult to remove from food and digestive tract due to its heat-resistant, acid-resistant and proteolytic-resistant properties. Inhaled toxins have the characteristics of potassium ionophores and lead to decreased insulin secretion and apoptosis by disrupting the mitochondrial transmembrane potential of islet β cells. In vitro studies have shown that very low doses of toxiotoxin also have toxic effects, and islet beta cells are particularly sensitive to it. However, at present, there is a lack of related in vivo studies, and the related in vivo studies are urgently needed in the future to further elucidate the correlation between toxin production and diabetes mellitus.