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河流输沙量的变化受流域降水和下垫面影响很大。采用水文法分析水利水保措施减沙效益时应注意如下问题:降雨量是最重要的基础资料,要认真分析工程实施前后雨量站的分布、代表性及前后期降雨量的可比性;暴雨对产沙的影响很大,暴雨强度是决定产沙量多少的重要参数,选用有效降雨量、有效降雨强度能较好地反映暴雨产沙作用;用径流量预报产沙量要区别地下、地表径流的不同影响;要考虑不同地貌类型区对产沙量的影响。
The change of sediment load in rivers is greatly affected by precipitation and underlying surface of the river basin. The following problems should be paid attention to when analyzing the sediment reduction benefit of water conservancy and soil conservation measures by using hydrological methods: rainfall is the most important basic data, and the distribution, representativeness and comparability of rainfall stations before and after the project implementation are carefully analyzed; The effect of sediment yield is very large. The intensity of storm rainfall is an important parameter that determines the amount of sediment yield. Choosing effective rainfall and effective rainfall intensity can better reflect the effects of heavy rainfall and sediment yield. Prediction of sediment yield by runoff should distinguish between underground and surface runoff Of the different effects; to consider different types of landforms on the impact of sediment yield.