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榆神府矿区位于毛乌素沙地与陕北黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的过渡地带,该矿区煤层埋藏浅、开采厚度大、上覆基岩厚度较薄且有松散潜水含水层分布。区内常年干旱少雨、植被稀疏,是典型的生态脆弱区,大规模煤层开采容易导致较严重的地质环境问题。分析了影响研究区生态环境的地质采矿因素,研究煤层开采对各地质环境因素的影响;采用支持向量机(SVM)理论和方法,建立了综合地质环境质量评价及预测非线性模型,对研究区煤炭资源开采地质环境多因素非线性相互作用演变结果进行了评价和预测,得到了5个等级综合地质环境现状分区、开采变化的预测结果。该方法在评价复杂地质环境多因素非线性相互作用及预测综合地质环境演变方面具有更科学、精细、接近现实的效果。
The Yushenfu mining area is located in the transitional zone between the Mu Us Desert and the hilly and gully regions of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi. The coal seam is shallowly buried, has a large thickness of mining, has a thin overburden and a loose submarine aquifer. The perennial dry and rainy area with sparse vegetation is a typical ecologically fragile area. The exploitation of large-scale coal seams easily leads to more serious geological and environmental problems. This paper analyzes the geological mining factors that affect the ecological environment in the study area, studies the influence of coal seam mining on each geological environment factor, and establishes the comprehensive geological environment quality evaluation and prediction nonlinear model by the support vector machine (SVM) theory. The multi-factor non-linear interaction evolution of geological environment of coal resource exploitation was evaluated and predicted. The prediction results of zonal and mining change of 5 grades integrated geologic environment were obtained. This method has a more scientific, detailed and realistic effect in evaluating multi-factor nonlinear interaction in complex geological environment and predicting the evolution of integrated geological environment.