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麻疹预防接种的推荐年龄为9～15月龄,但6月龄以下婴儿的临床和亚临床麻疹在印度和其它地区已有报道。本文报告1996年6月印度某孤儿院在麻疹爆发期间4月龄以下婴儿麻疹病毒的感染情况。 在24名婴儿中,有6例出现了麻疹的临床表现,其中4例≤4月龄,2例为7月龄和11月龄,他们均未接受过麻疹疫苗免疫。其主要并发症是支气管肺炎和体重下降,1例(3.5月龄)并发麻疹后脑炎,但无一例死亡。对上述患儿的咽拭子、皮肤刮出物和血标本进行病毒分离,用ELISA法检测血清中的麻疹抗体。 结果6例患儿均被检出麻疹病毒抗体IgM,但未检出IgG。其他孤儿的麻疹抗体均为阴性。对4例患儿的母亲进行追踪调查,其中3名未检出麻疹病毒特异性IgG抗体。从5
The recommended age for measles vaccination is 9-15 months, but clinical and subclinical measles in infants under 6 months have been reported in India and elsewhere. This article reports the prevalence of measles virus in infants aged 4 months and under during an outbreak of measles in an orphanage in India in June 1996. Of the 24 infants, 6 developed measles clinical manifestations, 4 of which were ≤ 4 months of age and 2 of 7 months and 11 months of age, none of whom were immunized against measles. The main complication was bronchopneumonia and weight loss, with 1 (3.5 months) post-measles encephalitis, but none of them died. The throat swabs, skin scraps and blood samples of the above children were subjected to virus isolation and the measles antibody in serum was detected by ELISA. Results 6 cases of measles virus antibody IgM were detected, but did not detect IgG. Measles antibodies to other orphans were negative. Four mothers of the children were followed up, of which 3 did not detect measles virus-specific IgG antibodies. From 5