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目的为预防内地害鼠随青藏铁路进入西藏以及该地害鼠迁入内地危害,防止鼠疫等鼠传疾病随铁路沿线流行,对青藏铁路青海段农区鼠类群落组成及密度进行调查。方法在青藏铁路青海段的湟源县、海晏县、刚察县、乌兰县、德令哈市、格尔木市,采用夹夜法在农田以及农房调查。结果农田共布放有效夹2377夹次,捕鼠8种129只,另有1只鼠残体,以小家鼠、长尾仓鼠和柴达木根田鼠为主;农房布放有效夹760夹次,捕鼠38只,另有1只鼠残体,以小家鼠和黄胸鼠为主;农田和农房鼠密度均以2010年8月乌兰县(12.45%)及德令哈市(12.77%)最高。结论格尔木市有褐家鼠和黄胸鼠分布,湟源县有黄胸鼠分布,需加强监控;鼠密度高的地区应进行控制。
Objective To prevent the pest rats from entering the Tibet Autonomous Region along with the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the harmful effects of the pests moving into the hinterland and preventing the spread of diseases such as plague from the railways along the railway line to investigate the composition and density of the rodent communities in the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Methods In Qingyuan section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway in Huangyuan County, Haiyan County, Gangcha County, Wulan County, Delingha City and Golmud City, the investigation of farmland and farm houses was conducted using the method of folder night. Results A total of 2377 active clips were placed on the farmland, 129 were trapped in 8 species, and 1 mouse remained in the farmland, dominated by Mus musculus, long-haired hamster and Qaidam root vole; , Catching mice 38, another 1 rat residual body, dominated by Mus musculus and Rattus flavipectus; farmland and farm house rat density in August 2010 Wulan County (12.45%) and Delhi (12.77 %)highest. Conclusion There is a distribution of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus in Golmud City. There is a distribution of Rattus flavipectus in Huangyuan County, which needs to be monitored intensively. Areas with high rodent density should be controlled.