本研究以河北省４个妇幼卫生项目县为现场，对１９９０年１月１日～１９９２年１２月３１日三年间全部死亡孕产妇与其有关的卫生服务及死因进行了调研。结果表明：调研地区孕产妇死因前两位为产科出血、产褥感染。可能与其大部分在家分娩，由未经培训过人员接生、接生质量低劣等有关。从而提出，提高住院分娩率和产科质量是降低孕产妇死亡率的关键。还提出，全社会重视妇女受教育的问题，提高妇女的社会地位，使其拥有生殖权力是提高住院分娩率的重要条件。 In this study, 4 maternal and child health counties in Hebei Province as a site for the study, all maternal death-related health services and their causes of death were investigated in the three years from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 1992. The results showed that the first two causes of maternal death in the survey area were obstetric bleeding and puerperal infection. May be related to the majority of births at home, delivery by untrained personnel, poor quality of delivery and so on. Therefore, raising the hospital delivery rate and obstetric quality is the key to reduce maternal mortality. It was also suggested that the emphasis placed on women’s education throughout the whole society and that women’s social status should be enhanced so that they have reproductive rights are important conditions for raising the rate of hospital delivery.