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巫者职司交通鬼神,其本身虽不具超乎自然的力量,但古人相信巫者可藉鬼神之力以成就诸多事。本文运用商代甲骨卜辞的记录,以及传世文献与出土文献的记载,互相印证,探讨先秦巫者的战时活动内容。古人对灾异,总有充满惊惧之情。所以,各种救灾巫仪最大的功效,即在于安抚人心,以裨益于众人脱离其疑惧的阴影。于上古时,人类在与自然奋斗以求生存过程时,将其中所产生的挫折与忧虑心理,则依赖宗教的信仰能弥补安慰,故其社会功能当不可轻忽。若缺少宗教的安慰与寄托,上古人类在社会的生存,将面临莫大的困难。中国古代的巫术,便有其功效。
Witch job traffic ghosts, although not by nature with their own power, but the ancients believe that the witch can by the power of spirits to accomplish many things. This article uses the records of Shang and Oracle Bones inscriptions, as well as the records of handed down documents and unearthed documents, confirming each other and discussing wartime activities of pre-Qin wizards. Ancients of the disaster, there is always full of fear. Therefore, the greatest effect of all kinds of disaster relief witchcraft is to soothe the human mind so as to benefit the people from the shadow of their doubts and fears. In ancient times, when mankind struggled to survive with nature in the process of survival, the frustrations and worries generated therein were relied on by religious faith to make up for the comfort so that its social function should not be neglected. Without the comfort and sustenance of religion, the survival of ancient human beings in society will face great difficulties. Ancient Chinese witchcraft, it has its effectiveness.