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目的 探讨慢性病毒性肝炎患者中α干扰素(αIFN)中和抗体(NA)的产生及其对干扰素疗效的影响。方法 采用抗病毒中和生物测定法检测了30名健康人及116例经三种亚型αIFN治疗的慢性病毒性肝炎患者血清中的NA。结果 健康人及IFN治疗前的患者中未检出NA,治疗后共20例(172%)NA阳性。NA在IFN治疗后2个月即可出现,6个月达高峰(20例全部阳性),至9个月后则有所下降。其中αIFN2a、αIFN2b和αIFN1b治疗组的NA阳性率分别为346%、132%和115%。NA阳性组、高滴度组的病毒阴转率明显低于NA阴性和低滴度组(P<0.01;P<0.05)。而NA阳性组病毒复发率则显著高于NA阴性组(P<0.05)。结论 αIFN治疗后可产生NA,且具有一定的时间规律性。不同亚型的αIFN其NA的产生率不同。NA可中和IFN的活性而影响干扰素的抗病毒疗效。
Objective To investigate the production of neutralizing antibody (αIFN) in chronic viral hepatitis and its effect on the efficacy of interferon. Methods The serum levels of NA in 30 healthy individuals and 116 patients with chronic viral hepatitis treated with three subtypes αIFN were tested by antiviral neutralization bioassay. Results No NA was detected in healthy subjects and before IFN treatment. Twenty patients (172%) had positive NA after treatment. NA appeared 2 months after IFN treatment, peaked at 6 months (all 20 were positive) and declined after 9 months. The positive rates of NA in aIFN2a, aIFN2b and aIFN1b groups were 346%, 132% and 115% respectively. The negative rate of virus in NA positive and high titer groups was significantly lower than that in NA negative and low titer groups (P <0.01; P <0.05). However, the relapse rate of NA positive group was significantly higher than that of NA negative group (P <0.05). Conclusion αIFN treatment can produce NA, and has a certain time regularity. Alpha subtypes of different subtypes have different rates of NA production. NA can neutralize the activity of IFN and affect the anti-viral efficacy of interferon.