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肺部寄生虫病并非少见,但由于人们认识不足,在临床上常被误诊误治,甚至危及病人生命。有鉴于此,现将35年来国内的有关文献综述于下,以供同道参考。 一、肺孢子虫性肺炎 肺孢子虫性肺炎是由卡氏肺孢子虫所引起的,以往曾被称为卡氏肺囊虫病或浆细胞性肺炎。本病多发生于婴幼儿、早产儿、先天性免疫缺陷者,以及由于白血病、其它恶性肿瘤或器官移植而大量应用免疫抑制剂或放射治疗的病人。典型的病理变化是肺泡间隔的细胞浸润,在婴幼儿以浆细胞浸润为主,在儿童或成年人以淋巴细胞浸润为主。本病常突然发作,表现为咳嗽、气促、呼吸困难及紫绀等,常伴有发热。多数病人肺部听诊无异常发现。
Pulmonary parasitic diseases are not uncommon, but people often misdiagnosed and mistakenly treated, even endangering patients’ lives because of lack of understanding. In view of this, now 35 years of domestic literature reviewed in the next, for fellow reference. Pneumocystis pneumonia Pneumocystis pneumonia is caused by Pneumocystis carinii and has been called Pneumocystis carinii or plasma cell pneumonia in the past. The disease occurs in infants and young children, premature children, congenital immunodeficiency, and due to leukemia, other malignancies or organ transplantation and immunosuppressive agents or radiotherapy patients. A typical pathological change is the alveolar septa cell infiltration in infants and young children with plasma cell infiltration, mainly in infants or adults with lymphocytic infiltration. The disease often sudden onset, manifested as cough, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and cyanosis, often accompanied by fever. Most patients with auscultation of the lungs found no abnormalities.