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扫盲工作的基本形势 旧中国文化教育十分落后,人口中文盲率在80％以上,有些少数民族和边远地区文育率高达90％。新中国成立后,党和政府曾多次发布扫盲的指示和决定,不断推进扫盲工作,先后三次在全国范围内掀起扫盲热潮。从解放初期到第一个五年计划时期,为适应大规模经济建设的需要,出现了第一次扫盲热潮,1956年和1957年的年脱盲数都超过700万。1958年的浮夸风严重干扰了扫盲工作,经济困难时期扫盲工作基本停顿,到了“文革”时期,扫盲工作几乎完全停止。党的十一届三中全会后,党和国家的
The basic situation of literacy work Culture and education in old China is very backward. The illiteracy rate in the population is over 80%. Some ethnic minorities and remote areas have a high education rate of 90%. After the founding of New China, the party and government have repeatedly issued directives and decisions on literacy and kept on promoting literacy work. They have literally raised literacy fever across the country three times in succession. From the time of the liberation to the first five-year plan, the first wave of literacy took place to meet the needs of large-scale economic construction. In 1956 and 1957, there were more than seven million liters of illogicality each year. The exaggeration of wind in 1958 seriously interfered with literacy work, and the literacy work was basically stopped in times of economic hardship. By the time of the “Cultural Revolution”, literacy was almost completely stopped. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Party, the Party and the state