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本文对 KF—AlF_3型铝钎剂,就其组成、性能及钎后清洗等方面进行了一系列试验。最佳配比为 KF:AlF_3=45.8:54.2(重量%)。为了降低熔点,又在 KF—AlF_3的基础上添加了 KCl、ZnCl_2、LiCl、CdCl_2、NaCl、PbCl_2、NiCl_2以及 LiF、NaF、CaF_2等盐类。试验表明,加 KCl、ZnCl_2效果较好,其他盐类都不理想。KF—AlF_3型铝钎剂的性能与氯化物钎剂相比较有一系列优点:不吸潮、不溶于水,对工件无腐蚀作用,工艺性优良、钎缝致密性好等等。为了对钎后清洗找到有效配方,经过试验,得到 HNO_3(280克/升)+HF(10克/升)+H_2O,再在超声波发生器作用下,可以获得很好的清洗效果。最后介绍了钎剂的配制方法,该钎剂的配制设备简单、操作容易,对原材料纯度要求不高,易于在生产中采用。
In this paper, KF-AlF_3-type aluminum flux, on its composition, properties and cleaning after brazing a series of tests. The best ratio is KF: AlF_3 = 45.8: 54.2 (wt%). In order to reduce the melting point, KCl, ZnCl 2, LiCl, CdCl 2, NaCl, PbCl 2, NiCl 2 and salts such as LiF, NaF and CaF 2 were added to KF-AlF 3. Experiments show that, with KCl, ZnCl_2 better effect, other salts are not ideal. Compared with chloride flux, KF-AlF_3 type aluminum flux has a series of advantages compared with chloride flux. It does not absorb moisture, does not dissolve in water, has no corrosive effect on workpieces, excellent workability, good compactness of solder joint, and so on. In order to find an effective formula for the post-brazing cleaning, the HNO 3 (280 g / L) + HF (10 g / L) + H 2 O was obtained after the test, and then a good cleaning effect can be obtained under the action of the ultrasonic generator. Finally, the preparation method of the flux is introduced. The preparation equipment of the flux is simple, the operation is easy, the purity of the raw material is less demanding, and the method is easy to be adopted in the production.