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目的了解天津地区典型地表水中指示菌、典型肠道致病菌及条件致病菌的污染状况及其与常规水质指标之间的相关性。方法分别于2012年8月(丰水期)和12月(枯水期),在天津地区海河主要支流(子牙河和北运河)、海河干流以及引滦河流域各选择3个采样点,分别对水样中的指示菌(菌落总数、总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌)、致病菌和条件致病菌(沙门菌、志贺菌、粪链球菌)以及水质常规理化指标(浊度、pH、水温)进行检测。结果按照GB/T 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》中对粪大肠菌群的要求,北运河中、下游,子牙河中游,海河干流中游为Ⅲ类水质,引滦河为Ⅰ类水质,其他断面为Ⅱ类水质。在丰水期北运河、子牙河、海河干流和引滦河的指示菌浓度高于枯水期,水温与菌落总数和总大肠菌群呈正相关关系,浊度与指示菌和沙门菌呈正相关关系,沙门菌和粪大肠菌群之间呈正相关关系。结论北运河、子牙河和海河干流受细菌污染较为严重;引滦河受细菌污染轻,适合作为水源水;温度和浊度对该地区水体微生物污染有初步指示作用。
Objective To understand the pollution status of indicator bacteria, typical intestinal pathogenic bacteria and opportunistic pathogens in typical surface water of Tianjin area and their correlation with routine water quality indicators. Methods Three sampling points were selected in each of the major tributaries of the Haihe River (Ziya River and North Canal), the Haihe River Mainstream and the Luanhe River Basin in August 2012 (wet season) and December (dry season) The indicator bacteria (total number of colonies, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli), pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Shigella, Streptococcus faecalis) and water quality and physical and chemical indicators (Turbidity, pH, water temperature) for testing. Results According to the requirements of fecal coliform in GB / T 3838-2002 “Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard”, the middle reaches of the North Canal, the middle reaches of the Ziya River and the middle reaches of the Haihe River are Grade III water quality, and the Luanhe River is Grade I , The other section is Grade II water quality. The indicator bacteria in the North Canal, Ziya River, the mainstream of the Haihe River and the Luanhe River during the wet season were higher than those in the dry season. The water temperature was positively correlated with the total number of colonies and the total coliforms. The turbidity was positively correlated with the indicator bacteria and Salmonella, Salmonella and fecal coliform positive correlation between. Conclusions Bacterial contamination of the Beiyunhe, Ziyahe and Haihe rivers is more serious due to bacteria. The Luanhe River is lightly contaminated by bacteria and suitable for water source water. The temperature and turbidity have preliminary indication on the microbial contamination of water body in this area.