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[目的］检测p16、Rb蛋白在胸腺癌中表达及预后的意义。[方法]应用免疫组织化学方法（SP）法，对54例胸腺癌标本进行检测。[结果]p16、Rb蛋白在良、恶性胸腺癌及胸腺癌中阳性表达率分别为66.67％（12/18）、70．00％（14／20）、31．25％（5／16，p＜0.05）；61．11%（11周/18)、75．00%（15/20）、43.70%（7/16，P＜0．05）。p16、比蛋白阳性表达与胸腺癌的类型、临床分期、预后有关。〔结论〕p16、Rb蛋白参与胸腺癌细胞增殖并影响其分化，可作为监测预后有效的指标。
[Objective] To detect the expression and prognosis of p16 and Rb proteins in thymic carcinoma. [Methods] 54 cases of thymic carcinoma specimens were detected by immunohistochemical method (SP). [Results] The positive expression rates of p16 and Rb in benign and malignant thymic carcinoma and thymic carcinoma were 66.67% (12/18), 70.00% (14/20), 31.25% (5/16, p respectively). <0.05); 61.11% (11 weeks/18), 75.00% (15/20), 43.70% (7/16, P<0.05). The positive expression of p16 and specific protein was related to the type, clinical stage and prognosis of thymic carcinoma. [Conclusion] The p16 and Rb proteins participate in the proliferation of thymocytes and affect their differentiation, which may serve as an effective prognostic indicator.