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简谐振动是最简单也是最基本的振动形式,对于振动现象的研究必须从此起步。由力的分析来看,简谐振动的特征是:运动质点受到的作用力始终指向平衡位置,且与(质点相对平衡位置的)位移的大小成正比。从位移的变化来看,简谐振动的特征是:位移随时间的变化符合正弦(或余弦)规律。我们说作匀速圆周运动物体的侧投影是简谐振动,显然主要是指其投影点的位移同样是时间的正弦(或余弦)。这一重要特征正是“匀速圆周运动投影器”应当加以突出表现的内容。
Harmonic vibration is the simplest and most basic form of vibration. Research on vibration phenomena must start from this point. From the analysis of force, the characteristic of simple harmonic vibration is that the force received by the moving particle point always points to the equilibrium position and is proportional to the size of the displacement (the relative equilibrium position of the particle point). From the point of view of the displacement change, the characteristics of the simple harmonic vibration are: the change of displacement with time conforms to the sine (or cosine) law. We say that the lateral projection of a uniform circular motion object is a simple harmonic vibration. Obviously it mainly means that the displacement of its projection point is also the sine (or cosine) of time. This important feature is exactly what “constant circular motion projectors” should highlight.