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目的:掌握青海省5岁以下儿童中重度营养不良的影响因素,找出干预对策。方法:对2007年6月青海省五州-地-市、共14个县市的5 500个5岁以下儿童营养不良及其相关影响因素进行现况调查。结果:青海省5岁以下儿童中重度营养不良总患病率为12.11%,以牧区及3岁以下婴幼儿最高。主要影响着儿童营养状况的因素为:家庭环境、喂养方式、辅食添加、疾病。其中不良喂养方式占20.36%;不良饮食习惯占33.72%;不良家庭环境占24.98%。结论:青海省5岁以下儿童营养不良的防治重点应放在牧区以及3岁以下婴幼儿。提高科学育儿知识普及率、合理的辅食添加、及时纠正不良饮食习惯、及时发现营养不良的先兆是提高青海省5岁以下儿童营养状况的关键。
Objective: To master the influencing factors of moderate and severe malnutrition in children under 5 years of age in Qinghai Province and find out the intervention measures. Methods: The current situation of malnutrition and related factors affecting 5 500 children under 5 years of age in 14 counties and cities of five states - prefecture - cities of Qinghai Province in June 2007 were investigated. Results: The overall prevalence rate of moderate and severe malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Qinghai Province was 12.11%, the highest in pastoral areas and infants under 3 years of age. The main factors affecting the nutritional status of children are: family environment, feeding methods, food supplement, disease. Among them, the unhealthy feeding mode accounted for 20.36%, the bad eating habits accounted for 33.72%, and the bad family environment accounted for 24.98%. Conclusion: The prevention and treatment of malnutrition in children under 5 years of age in Qinghai Province should be put in the pastoral areas and infants under 3 years old. Raising the popularization rate of scientific childcare knowledge, adding appropriate food supplement, correcting bad eating habits in time and finding the malnutrition precursors in time are the keys to improve the nutritional status of children under 5 in Qinghai.