目的　检测铁缺乏大鼠耳蜗肌动蛋白的变化 ,探讨铁缺乏引起耳蜗毛细胞损伤的发生机制。方法　应用免疫组织化学染色法、SDS -PAGE和Westernblot,检测正常及以缺铁饮食饲养 8wk大鼠的耳蜗肌动蛋白水平的变化并进行比较。结果　出现感音神经性耳聋的铁缺乏组大鼠耳蜗肌动蛋白的相对含量降低、免疫组化的反应性明显减弱 ;听力正常的铁缺乏大鼠组中两者无明显变化。结论　耳蜗肌动蛋白含量及免疫组化染色反应性的变化 ,可能是铁缺乏引起的耳蜗毛细胞损伤的重要病理基础 Objective To detect the changes of actin in the cochlea of ​​iron-deficient rats and to explore the mechanism of the iron deficiency-induced cochlear hair cell injury. Methods Immunohistochemical staining, SDS-PAGE and Western blot were used to detect the changes of cochlear actin levels in normal and iron deficient diets fed 8 wk rats and compared. Results The relative content of cochlear actin in the iron-deficient rats with sensorineural deafness decreased and the reactivity of immunohistochemistry was significantly weakened. There was no significant difference between the two groups in normal hearing-deficient rats. Conclusion The changes of cochlear actin content and immunohistochemical staining may be the important pathological basis of cochlear hair cell injury induced by iron deficiency