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目的分析广西壮族自治区1960-2010年流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行趋势和特征,掌握其流行规律,为制定防控对策提供科学依据。方法收集广西壮族自治区1960-2010年乙脑的疫情资料,对该地区乙脑的流行趋势和特征进行统计学描述。结果广西1960-2010年共发生乙脑65 384例,死亡11 875例,年均发病率为3.38/10万,年均死亡率为0.61/10万,病死率为18.2%;发病主要集中在20世纪60和70年代,年均发病率分别为8.59/10万和9.24/10万,此后发病呈明显下降趋势;广西14个市均有病例发生,主要以贵港、防城港、北海、来宾、和玉林市发病较多,发病率分别为5.40/10万、4.12/10万、4.02/10万、3.88/10万和3.81/10万,分别占全省总病例数的14.3%、1.9%3、.4%、5.7%和12.5%;乙脑发病呈明显季节性,主要集中于5～9月份,占总发病例数的95.8%;患者以0～14岁散居儿童为主,男性发病多于女性。结论广西壮族自治区乙脑发病呈明显下降趋势;病例高度散发,发病有明显季节性;患者主要为低年龄散居儿童。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 1960 to 2010, and to grasp its epidemic rules and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemic data of JE in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 1960 to 2010 were collected to describe the epidemiological trends and characteristics of JE in the region. Results A total of 65 384 cases of JE were reported in Guangxi from 1960 to 2010, with 11 875 deaths. The average annual incidence rate was 3.38 / lakh and the annual average mortality rate was 0.61 / lakh and the case fatality rate was 18.2%. The main incidence was 20 In the 1960s and 1970s, the annual average incidence rates were 8.59 / lakh and 9.24 / lakh respectively, and the incidence rate dropped significantly thereafter. Cases were found in 14 cities in Guangxi, mainly in Guigang, Fangchenggang, Beihai, Laibin and Yulin The incidence of the disease in the city was more than 5.40 / 100,000, 4.12 / 100,000, 4.02 / 100,000, 3.88 / 100,000 and 3.81 / 100,000 respectively, accounting for 14.3% and 1.9% of the total number of cases in the province respectively. 4%, 5.7% and 12.5% respectively. The incidence of Japanese encephalitis was obviously seasonal, mainly from May to September, accounting for 95.8% of the total number of cases. The patients were mainly children aged 0-14 years old, . Conclusions The incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is obviously decreased. The cases are highly exuded and the incidence is obviously seasonal. The patients are mainly scattered children with low age.