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目的采用中国膳食平衡指数(DBI)法评价合肥市45~60岁中年体检人群的膳食质量及其模式。方法选取于2012年1月-2012年6月在合肥市体检中心体检的年龄在45~60岁的中年人群作为本次调查对象,共1 759名,对其进行膳食和个人基本情况调查;采用DBI评分法评价他们的膳食质量。结果男、女DBI-正端分(HBS)得分分别为(10.6±5.4)分和(6.8±4.2)分,差异有统计学意义(t=16.00,P<0.001),DBI-质量距(DQD)得分分别为(28.8±7.5)分和(25.6±6.7)分,差异有统计学意义(t=9.00,P<0.001)。随着体质指数的增加,膳食摄入过量的程度在逐渐增加。同时,文化程度与膳食质量呈正相关,经济收入>2 000元/(人·月)的人群膳食质量较好。合肥市45~60岁体检人群存在六种膳食模式,其中A、B和D三种膳食模式人群比例分别为35.6%、28.5%和23.7%。结论 DBI法可以较好地评价合肥市45~60岁人群膳食质量的总体情况以及存在的一些问题;有必要对人群开展针对性的营养宣传教育,增加谷物、水果、蔬菜、奶类以及豆制品的摄入量,减少肉禽类食物的摄入量,以提高该人群的营养水平状况。
Objective To evaluate the dietary quality and its model of 45 ~ 60 year-old middle-aged medical examination population in Hefei by using Chinese Dietary Balance Index (DBI). Methods A total of 1 759 mid-aged people aged 45-60 years who were examined in Hefei Medical Center from January 2012 to June 2012 were enrolled in this survey. Their diet and personal basic conditions were investigated. The DBI score was used to evaluate their diet quality. Results The scores of male and female DBI-HBS were (10.6 ± 5.4) and (6.8 ± 4.2) points respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t = 16.00, P <0.001) ) Score was (28.8 ± 7.5) points and (25.6 ± 6.7) points respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t = 9.00, P <0.001). As the body mass index increases, the extent of excess dietary intake is gradually increasing. At the same time, there is a positive correlation between the education level and the quality of the diet. The people with economic income> 2,000 yuan / (person · month) have better dietary quality. There are six dietary patterns in Hefei 45- to 60-year-old physical examination population, of which 35.6%, 28.5% and 23.7% of the three dietary groups are A, B and D, respectively. Conclusion The DBI method can better assess the general situation of dietary quality among 45 ~ 60-year-olds in Hefei and some existing problems. It is necessary to carry out targeted nutrition education and education to the population to increase cereals, fruits, vegetables, dairy products and soy products Of the intake of meat and poultry to reduce the intake of food in order to improve the nutritional status of the population.