早产/未成熟儿在国内发生率约4.9％,由于其各器官系统发育不成熟,难以适应外界环境,构成围产儿发病和死亡的主要原因.Korda(1979)曾认为75％的围产儿死亡与早产有关.根据新近《中国18城市新生儿死亡风险研究》课题协作组资料(1988～1989),早产儿死亡约占整个新生儿死亡的46％,其发病率和死亡率远较足月儿为高(表1). The prevalence of preterm / immature infants in China is about 4.9%, which is the main reason for perinatal morbidity and mortality due to the immaturity of various organ systems and the difficulty of adapting to the external environment. Korda (1979) once considered 75% of perinatal deaths and According to the latest data from the Collaboration Group on the Study of Risk of Neonatal Mortality in 18 Cities in China (1988 ~ 1989), premature infant deaths account for 46% of all neonatal deaths, and the morbidity and mortality are far more than those of full-term children High (Table 1).