本文报告采用经纤维支气管镜(简称纤支镜)单套管琼脂塞防污染毛刷采样,38例医院外获得性肺炎培养出致病菌22例,阳性率57.9％。肺炎球菌和革兰阴性杆菌各占36.4％。而口痰细菌阳性率只有28.9％。防污染毛刷采样细菌检出率显著高于口痰。非致病菌阳性率防污染毛刷采样为7.8％,口痰为55％。二者也有显著差异。与对照组比较,防污染毛刷采样致病菌检出率也明显增高。表明单套管琼脂塞毛刷采样防污染效果较好,能够提高肺炎病原学的诊断水平。 This article reports the use of fiber bronchoscopy (bronchoscopy) single-tube agar plug anti-pollution brush sampling, 38 cases of hospital acquired pneumonia pathogens were cultured in 22 cases, the positive rate of 57.9%. Pneumococcus and Gram-negative bacilli each accounted for 36.4%. The sputum bacterial positive rate of only 28.9%. Anti-pollution brush sampling bacteria detection rate was significantly higher than sputum. The positive rate of non-pathogenic bacteria anti-pollution brush sampling was 7.8%, sputum was 55%. There are also significant differences between the two. Compared with the control group, anti-pollution brush sampling pathogen detection rate was significantly increased. Single-tube agar plug brush sampling that anti-pollution effect is better, can improve the diagnostic level of pneumonia etiology.