孔子是我国古代一位重要的历史人物,他于我国的政治史、教育史、学术思想史等方面,都有很大的影响,占居着重要的地位。近年来史学界、哲学界热烈地讨论孔子,已经发表不少的论文。孔子是我国古代一位大教育家,这是大家都同意的,但关于孔子的政治立场和思想体系诸问题,则意见分歧很大。评价历史人物,必须从历史中衡量其得失作用,评论孔子也必然要涉及到春秋时代的社会性质。就已发表的论文来看,大体上,有的依“西周封建说”,认为孔子正处于封建社会内部由领主制向地主制的变革时期;有的依“春秋战国之交,是我国奴隶制与 Confucius is an important historical figure in ancient China. He has a great influence on political history, education history and academic thought history in our country, occupying an important position. In recent years, historians and philosophers have discussed Confucius enthusiastically and have published many dissertations. Confucius was one of the great educators in ancient China, which we all agreed upon. However, the opinions on Confucius’s political position and ideological system are very different. To appraise the historical figures, we must measure the pros and cons of the historical figures. Commenting on Confucius must also involve the social nature of the Spring and Autumn Period. According to the published papers, in general, according to “the Western Zhou Dynasty feudalism”, that Confucius is in the feudal society within the system of change from the lord to the landlords; some according to "the Spring and Autumn Period of Warring States, is China’s slavery versus