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通过考察劳动力流动和工资决定机制的历史变动,分析我国劳动力市场自1949年以来的演进历程。本文认为我国劳动力市场的演进特性表现为:以严格的城乡“二元”分割与计划体制为起点,导致“二元”结构与体制差异的户籍制度与所有制为主线,在市场化进程的冲击下,由改革开放前的几近完全分割、及改革开放后为户籍制度与所有制为基础的“双重二元”分割,逐步演化为“双重二元”为基础,其他多种因素共同作用的多重分割,在市场配置劳动力资源的力量推动下,未来我国劳动力市场的多重分割有望降低,实现劳动力市场一体化。
By examining the historical changes in labor mobility and wage determination mechanism, we analyze the evolution of China’s labor market since 1949. This paper argues that the evolutionary characteristics of China’s labor market are as follows: Starting from the strict segmentation and planning system of “duality” between urban and rural areas, the household registration system and ownership system that lead to the structural and institutional difference of “duality” Under the impact of the process, from the almost complete division before the reform and opening up and the “dual duality” division based on the household registration system and ownership after the reform and opening up, it gradually evolved into “dual duality” and others With the multi-factorization of multiple factors, under the impetus of the market allocation of labor resources, the multiple segmentation of China’s labor market is expected to be reduced in the future and labor market integration will be realized.