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目的探讨学龄前儿童反复呼吸道感染状况及相关因素,为制定预防措施提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,抽取义乌市学龄前儿童850名的监护人进行问卷调查,内容包括社会经济状况、抚育因素、生活环境因素等。采用χ2检验及多因素Logistic回归分析反复呼吸道感染影响因素。结果义乌市学龄前儿童反复呼吸道感染率为24.9%,影响反复呼吸道感染的因素主要有家庭人均月收入(OR=1.22,95%CI=1.01～1.47)、母亲生育年龄(OR=0.95,95%CI=0.91～0.99)、哮喘(OR=2.05,95%CI=1.15～3.68)、佝偻病(OR=3.91,95%CI=1.88～8.13)、零食(OR=1.54,95%CI=1.18～2.02)、孩子平常出行的交通方式(OR=1.34,95%CI=1.03～1.74)、同住者是否吸烟(OR=1.59,95%CI=1.16～2.20)。结论学龄前儿童反复呼吸道感染影响因素来自多个方面。应建立良好健康习惯,预防反复呼吸道感染的发生。
Objective To study the status and related factors of recurrent respiratory tract infection in preschool children and provide the basis for making preventive measures. Methods Using random sampling method, 850 guardians from preschool children in Yiwu were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey, which included the socioeconomic status, raising factors and living environment factors. Χ2 test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of recurrent respiratory tract infection. Results The prevalence of recurrent respiratory tract infection in preschool children in Yiwu City was 24.9%. The main influencing factors of recurrent respiratory infections were monthly per capita income (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.01-1.47), mother’s reproductive age (OR = 0.95, 95% (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.18 ~ 2.02, OR = 1.59, CI = 0.91 ~ 0.99) (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.03-1.74), and whether the residents smoked (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.16-2.20). Conclusion The influencing factors of recurrent respiratory tract infection in preschool children come from many aspects. Good health habits should be established to prevent recurrent respiratory infections.