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水体富营养化及水华问题已成为三峡水库蓄水以来最主要的水环境问题,弄清水华生消机理并提出有效防控措施已成为三峡水库运行管理的重要工作.结合国内外相关研究现状,分析了大坝建设诱导水华的主要机制,总结了三峡水库水华生消研究成果,阐述了藻类水华生消机理及影响因素.结果表明,三峡水库蓄水后支流库湾最大变化是产生了分层异重流,由分层异重流导致的水体分层是藻类水华暴发的主要诱因,“临界层理论”能够很好解释三峡水库支流库湾水华生消过程.鉴于三峡水库目前仍处于发育阶段,建议后期深入开展支流水华预测预报及其水库生态调度防控工作.,The phytoplankton blooms in the tributary bays have become the most serious environmental problem in Three Gorge Reservoir (TGR),China.To understand the mechanism of the algal blooms and find effective methods to control them would be important tasks of the TGR.Here,through summarizing some researches of the impacts of the dams on the ecology around the world:(1) the mechanism to trigger the eutrophication of dams are discussed;(2) the factors to effect the algal blooms and their mechanism are analyzed;and(3)the research works of eutrophication and achievements in the TGR are listed.Different from some other reservoirs in the world,in the TGR,the bidirectional density currents (BDCs) could be the biggest change of the hydrodynamics after the water storage.Special water temperature stratifications caused by the BDCs were the trigger of the algal blooms.Similarly,the critical depth theory is also suitable to be used to explain the mechanism of the algal blooms in the TGR.However,as the TGR is now under the situation of a preliminary stage,it is suggested doing some further research on the algal blooms prediction and reservoir’s regulation in the future.