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目的:综合有关地方性氟中毒的相关资料,了解该病的流行现状以及防治效果,以便今后提出更有效的防治措施。资料来源:应用计算机检索中国期刊网、重庆维普中文科技期刊全文库中1995-01/2006-03有关地方性氟中毒的分布、监测情况、防治效果等相关问题的期刊文献,检索词“地方性氟中毒,监测”,限定语言种类为中文。资料选择:选择与地方性氟中毒相关的文献,主要是简报、防治实践、会议纪要等。排除重复研究的文章只选择最近发表的1篇。资料提炼:共收集到相关文献25篇,其中18篇根据标准采纳,其余文献相应删除。资料综合:从各文献报告的监测结果看,至2004年底,国内饮水型地方性氟中毒病区县中44.51%的病区村实施了改水降氟,194个县病情基本控制;燃煤污染型病区县中24个县病情基本控制,25.42%的家庭进行了改炉改灶除氟。改水改灶后水中、空气中氟含量明显降低,部分地区已达到国家标准。8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率较之前有所下降,大部分地区改水改灶落实情况较好,部分病区病情已达控制标准。但同时也存在着因基金不足而不能全部落实防治措施、因降氟工程管理不善而不能充分发挥降氟作用等问题。结论:经过数10年的不懈努力,国内地方性氟中毒的防治工作已取得了很大进展,大部分病区氟斑牙和氟骨症的患病率都明显下降,但同时也存在着一些问题。为此,必须加大防治力度,以更有效地遏制其流行。
OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the relevant information on endemic fluorosis, understand the epidemic status of the disease and the effect of prevention and treatment, in order to propose more effective prevention and control measures in the future. Source: Chinese Journal of Computer Applications, Chinese Periodicals from 1995 to 2006-03 Full text of Selected Chinese Periodicals from 1995-01 / 2006-03 Relevant Issues Concerning the Distribution, Monitoring and Prevention of Local Fluorosis, Fluorosis, monitoring ", the limited language type is Chinese. Data selection: Select the literature related to endemic fluorosis, mainly briefing, prevention and control practices, meeting minutes and so on. Articles that exclude duplicate studies only select one recently published article. DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 25 related articles were collected, of which 18 were adopted according to the standard and the rest were deleted accordingly. DATA SYNTHESIS: According to the monitoring results of all the literature reports, by the end of 2004, 44.51% of the ward villages in the endemic fluorosis poisoning districts in the country had implemented water and fluoride reduction and basically controlled the disease in 194 counties; coal-fired pollution Type ward counties in 24 counties basic control of the disease, 25.42% of the families were changed furnace to remove fluoride. After the water has been changed to the water, the fluorine content in the air is obviously reduced, and some areas have reached the national standard. The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 ~ 12 years has dropped compared with the previous years. Most of the areas have achieved good conditions in water improvement and stove improvement, and some of the wards have reached the control standard. However, at the same time, there are also problems such as the lack of funds and the failure to fully implement prevention and control measures and the inadequate management of fluoride reduction projects due to the poor management of fluoride projects. Conclusion: After decades of unremitting efforts, great progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis in China. The prevalence of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis in most of the wards has dropped significantly, but there are also some problem. To this end, we must increase prevention and control efforts to more effectively curb the epidemic.