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本文主要介绍GATT第23条1(b)“不违法之诉”的历史与发展,立法目的与中心概念,对该条款适用范围存在的争议(即限制主义与积极主义之争)。通过分析相纸案、政府采购案、油菜籽案这三起根据该“不违法之诉”条款提起的申诉,阐述了专家组根据合理预期、缔约方利益的丧失或损害、条约的解释等原则对此条款的解释、所面临的问题、和对它的严格适用趋势。最后指出该条款对发展中国家的不利影响,并且展望了它未来的发展方向。
This article mainly introduces the history and development of GATT Article 23 1 (b) “Non-lawsuit”, the purpose of legislation and the concept of center, and the controversy over the scope of application of the article (ie the dispute between restriction and activism). Through the analysis of the three cases of photo paper, government procurement and rapeseed filed under the “non-lawsuit” clause, it elaborates on the principle that the group of experts has based on reasonable expectation, the loss or damage of the interests of the contracting parties and the treaty interpretation The interpretation of this provision, the problems it faces, and the trend of its strict application. Finally, it points out the adverse impact of the article on developing countries and looks forward to its future development.