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目的探讨阿仑膦酸钠对骨质疏松大鼠骨量及微观结构的影响及其可能的作用机制。方法 3月龄雌性SD大鼠30只,随机分为三组,每组10只:A组,假手术组;B组,模型组;C组,阿仑膦酸钠治疗组。B、C组接受双侧卵巢切除术,A组接受假手术。术后6周检测股骨骨密度确认骨质疏松造模成功,同时C组给予阿仑膦酸钠治疗(15μg/kg,2次/周),B组给予等量生理盐水作为对照。12周后处死所有大鼠,检测左侧股骨骨密度,取左侧胫骨做硬组织切片,骨形态计量学分析松质骨骨量、微观结构,提取右侧股骨和胫骨骨髓基质干细胞体外培养,Realtime PCR检测第三代细胞RANKL表达。结果①卵巢切除术后8周,大鼠骨密度显著低于对照组。②A、C组骨密度显著高于B组,C组显著低于A组(P<0.05)。③胫骨近端骨小梁相对体积、骨小梁厚度,A组显著高于B、C组,C组显著高于B组(P<0.05),A、C组破骨细胞数、骨小梁分离度、骨吸收长度比均显著低于B组(P<0.05)。④B组RANKL表达显著高于A、C组(P<0.05)。结论阿仑膦酸钠可通过抑制骨吸收、改善其微观结构部分阻止骨质疏松大鼠骨质量的下降,其机制可能与抑制成骨分化的骨髓基质干细胞RNAKL的表达有关。
Objective To investigate the effect of alendronate on the bone mass and microstructure of osteoporosis rats and its possible mechanism. Methods Thirty male 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups of 10 rats each: group A, sham operation group, group B, model group, group C, alendronate treatment group. B, C group received bilateral ovariectomy, A group received sham operation. The femoral bone mineral density was measured at 6 weeks after operation to confirm the success of osteoporosis modeling. At the same time, C group was treated with alendronate (15μg / kg, twice a week), and B group was given normal saline as control. After 12 weeks, all the rats were sacrificed, the left femur BMD was measured, the left tibia was hardened, the bone mass and microstructure were measured by bone morphometry, the right femur and tibial bone marrow stromal cells were cultured in vitro, Realtime PCR was used to detect RANKL expression in the third generation of cells. Results ① At 8 weeks after ovariectomy, the BMD of rats was significantly lower than that of the control group. ② The bone mineral density in group A and group C was significantly higher than that in group B, and that in group C was significantly lower than that in group A (P <0.05). The relative volume of trabecular bone and trabecular thickness in group A were significantly higher than those in group B and C (P <0.05), and the number of osteoclasts in group A and C was significantly higher than that in group B Resolution, bone resorption length ratio were significantly lower than the B group (P <0.05). ④ The expression of RANKL in group B was significantly higher than that in group A and C (P <0.05). Conclusion Alendronate can inhibit the bone resorption and improve its microstructure to prevent osteoporosis in rats. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells RNAKL expression.