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讨论了管道填土荷载的计算方法。介绍了四种常用的计算路面交通活载引起的管顶垂直压力的方法:Boussinesq点荷载法、Spangler法、分布角法、基于Boussinesq方程的Newmark积分叠加法。讨论了Boussinesq理论用于管顶活载计算的近似性以及交通荷载冲击系数的取值。根据公路桥涵的设计荷载,采用不同的方法,计算出常用直径的油气管道的管顶活载。计算结果表明:对于我国常用直径的油气管道,当管顶埋深大于1 m时,仅需就公路桥涵设计的各级验算荷载,利用Spangler法或Newmark积分叠加法,计算管顶活载。指出增大穿越公路管道的埋深是控制该埋地管道荷载的有效方法。
The calculation method of pipe filling load is discussed. Four commonly used methods to calculate vertical pressure of pipe roof caused by road traffic load are introduced: Boussinesq point load method, Spangler method, distribution angle method and Newmark integral superposition method based on Boussinesq equation. The approximation of the Boussinesq theory for calculating the live load on the top of the pipe and the value of the traffic load impact coefficient are discussed. According to the design load of highway bridges and culverts, different methods are used to calculate the live load of the pipe top of commonly used diameter oil and gas pipelines. The calculation results show that for the oil and gas pipes commonly used in China, when the buried depth of the pipe is more than 1 m, only the checking loads at all levels of the highway bridges and culverts should be calculated, and the live load at the pipe top should be calculated by Spangler method or Newmark integral superposition method. It is pointed out that increasing the depth of buried pipeline through the highway is an effective way to control the load of buried pipeline.