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气道平滑肌层增生肥厚是慢性支气管哮喘的一个显著特征。许多哮喘相关产物介导了气道平滑肌细胞的增生肥大，促有丝分裂介质通过刺激细胞内一系列蛋白激酶发生磷酸化反应而活化丝裂素活化蛋白激酶（ＭＡＰＫ），活化的ＭＡＰＫ磷酸化而活化多种转录因子，调节各种与细胞增生反应有关基因的转录
Airway smooth muscle hypertrophy is a prominent feature of chronic bronchial asthma. Many asthma-related products mediate hyperplasia and hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle cells. Mitogenic mediators activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by stimulating phosphorylation of a series of protein kinases within the cell, and phosphorylation of activated MAPK is activated Transcription factors regulate the transcription of genes involved in cell proliferation