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与传统视频采集技术相比,高分辨率光谱视频采集技术能够为精细农业、环境监测、遥感、军事刑侦等诸多重要领域提供高维度、高精度场景特征信息。传统光谱仪主要采用的扫描系统无法满足动态场景下的采集需求,从而限制了光谱成像技术的应用范围。近来,得益于计算摄像理论和半导体技术的快速发展,光谱视频采集技术成为可能。本文首先详细介绍了传统光谱仪的基本理论与工作原理。其次,针对光谱视频采集的核心问题,从成像理论、系统结构、关键器件等方面回顾了近年出现的瞬拍式光谱采集技术。从进一步提升光谱视频采集精度的角度出发,通过主观质量评价与客观指标比较,分析和总结了各光谱成像系统的性能优势与弊端,同时讨论了计算摄像理论、半导体制备工艺对光谱视频采集技术发展的关键作用。
Compared with traditional video capture technology, high-resolution spectral video capture technology can provide high-dimensional and high-precision scene features for many important fields such as precision agriculture, environmental monitoring, remote sensing and military criminal investigation. The traditional scanning system of the spectrometer can not meet the needs of acquisition under dynamic scenes, which limits the application of spectral imaging technology. Recently, thanks to the rapid development of computational imaging theory and semiconductor technology, spectral video capture technology has become possible. This paper first introduces the basic theory and working principle of traditional spectrometer. Secondly, aiming at the core problem of spectral video acquisition, the instantaneous snapshot spectral acquisition technique emerging in recent years is reviewed from the aspects of imaging theory, system structure and key devices. From the perspective of further improving the spectral video acquisition accuracy, this paper analyzes and summarizes the performance advantages and disadvantages of each spectral imaging system through subjective quality evaluation and objective indicators. At the same time, discusses the imaging theory, semiconductor preparation technology for the development of spectral video acquisition technology The key role.