急性特发性多发性神经炎和特发性血小板减少性紫癜虽然均为自体免疫病,但免疫机制各不相同,两病发生在同一病人身上未见报告过。最近有1例在上呼吸道感染后数天同时发生了这两种病。患者女性,30岁,因四肢极度无力而入院。入院前10天有上呼吸道感染,用过阿司匹林、扑热息痛和非那西汀。入院前3天严重头痛,继而出现进行性四肢无力和麻木。入院时无发热,四肢可见多处瘀斑,无脑膜刺激征,脾未触及,其他未发现异常。神经系统检查发现右侧嗅觉减低,两侧轻度面瘫(下面部尤著),软腭上提无力,伸舌偏右,无视乳头水肿,瞳孔反射、眼球运动或其他颅神经均无异常,四肢重度瘫痪,特别是近端肌肉,无肌萎缩或肌束震颤,四肢末梢本体感觉和震动觉减退,两侧桡骨骨膜反射减弱, Although acute idiopathic polyneuritis and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura are all autoimmune diseases, the immune mechanisms are different, and the two diseases have not been reported in the same patient. One recent case of both types of illness occurred several days after upper respiratory infection. Female, 30 years old, admitted to hospital due to extreme weakness of the limbs. 10 days before admission, upper respiratory tract infection, used aspirin, paracetamol and phenacetin. Severe headache 3 days before admission, followed by progressive weakness and numbness of limbs. Admission without fever, many limbs can be seen ecchymosis, no meningeal irritation, spleen not touched, the other did not find abnormalities. Nervous system examination found that the right side of the olfactory decreased mild facial paralysis on both sides (especially in the following part), the soft palate to mention weakness, tongue extension to the right, ignoring the nipple edema, pupil reflexes, eye movements or other cranial nerves were normal, severe limbs Paralyzed, especially in the proximal muscles, muscle atrophy or tremor fasciculus, limbs, sensory and vibration of distal peripheral sensation, both sides of the radial periosteal reflex decreased,