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目的了解四川省饮茶型氟中毒病区16岁以上人群氟中毒的流行病学分布特点,探索饮茶型氟中毒发生的影响因素。方法通过多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对四川省饮用砖茶习惯的少数民族人群进行横断面调查。结果所调查的地区饮茶型氟中毒患病率为45.7%,调查的3个州中,阿坝州患病率最高,女性患病率高于男性,藏族患病率高于其他民族,牧民的患病率也高于其他职业的人群,患病率随着年龄的增大而升高,并且随着文化程度和家庭人均收入的增高而降低。影响氟中毒发生的危险因素主要有年龄、藏族、羌族、回族、牧民、日饮茶水量,其OR值依次为1.757、12.770、5.918、3.229、1.162和1.201,保护因素主要有食用蔬菜、水果、文化程度、家庭年人均收入,经直线相关分析,日饮茶水量与氟斑牙和氟骨症的严重程度皆呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.150、0.159。结论饮茶型氟中毒在四川省有饮砖茶习惯的少数民族地区患病率较高,氟中毒发生的危险因素主要是年龄、民族、职业、日饮茶水量。
Objective To understand the epidemiological distribution of fluorosis in people over 16 years of drinking tea fluorosis in Sichuan Province and to explore the influencing factors of drinking tea fluorosis. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to carry out a cross-sectional survey of ethnic minority people who used brick and tea habit in Sichuan Province. Results The prevalence of drinking-type fluorosis was 45.7% in the surveyed areas. Among the three states surveyed, the prevalence rate of Aba was the highest, the prevalence rate of females was higher than that of males, and the prevalence rate of Tibetan was higher than that of other ethnic groups and pastoralists The prevalence is also higher in people with other occupations than in other occupations, with the prevalence increasing with age and decreasing with educational attainment and per capita household incomes. The main risk factors of fluorosis were age, Tibetan, Qiang, Hui, herdsmen and Japanese tea. The OR values were 1.757, 7.770, 5.918, 3.229, 1.162 and 1.201, respectively. The main protective factors were eating vegetables, fruits, The average annual per capita income of the family was positively correlated with the severity of dental fluorosis and dental fluorosis by linear correlation analysis. The correlation coefficients were 0.150,0.159. Conclusion The prevalence of drinking-type fluoride poisoning is higher in ethnic minority areas where tea-making habits are common in Sichuan Province. The main risk factors for fluorosis are age, ethnicity, occupation and daily drinking of tea.