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目的探讨肺表面活性物质预防极低体重早产儿发生肺透明膜病的效果。方法符合标准的肺透明膜病高危患儿95例分为两组。预防组53例,在常规治疗的基础上给予肺表面活性物质,其余42例为对照组,仅采用常规治疗,观察比较两组患儿发病率、死亡率以及机械通气率,比较两组患儿的pH值以及PCO2、PO2值。结果预防组的发病率13.21%、机械通气率3.77%以及死亡率1.89%均低于对照组的50%、38.1%、14.29%,P﹤0.05;预防组的pH值7.452±0.091、PCO2(44.72±12.15)mmHg、PO2(85.23±32.74)mmHg优于对照组的pH值7.125±0.064、PCO2(51.62±10.37)mmHg、PO2(41.23±9.71)mmHg,P﹤0.05。结论应用肺表面活性物质能够有效地预防肺透明膜病,尤其是在极低体重的早产儿中,预防性使用肺表面活性物质能够降低发病率以及死亡率。
Objective To investigate the effect of pulmonary surfactant on preventing hyaline membrane disease in very low birth weight preterm infants. Methods 95 cases of high-risk children with hyaline membrane disease were divided into two groups. In the prevention group, 53 cases were given pulmonary surfactant on the basis of routine treatment, and the remaining 42 cases as control group. The routine treatment was used only. The morbidity, mortality and mechanical ventilation rate were compared between the two groups PH and PCO2, PO2 values. Results The incidence rate of prophylaxis group was 13.21%, the mechanical ventilation rate was 3.77% and the mortality rate was 1.89%, which was lower than that of the control group by 50%, 38.1% and 14.29% respectively (P <0.05). The preventive group had a pH value of 7.452 ± 0.091 and PCO2 ± 12.15) mmHg, PO2 (85.23 ± 32.74) mmHg was significantly higher than that of the control group (7.125 ± 0.064, PO2 = 51.62 ± 10.37 mmHg, PO2 = 41.23 ± 9.71 mmHg, P <0.05) Conclusions The use of pulmonary surfactant can effectively prevent hyaline membrane disease. Preventive use of pulmonary surfactant can reduce morbidity and mortality, especially in very low birth weight preterm infants.