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在蜡梅[Chimonanthus praecox(L.)Link]分布区内选取5个天然群体,采用筛选出的7对SRAP(sequence-related amplified polymorphism)引物进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示:多态性条带百分率为23.4%,多态位点比率(PPL)为83.41%,Neis基因多样性指数(h)为0.21～0.25(均值为0.22),Shannons信息指数(I)为0.34,群体分化系数(Gst)为0.17,群体间总的基因流的估算值Nm为2.40。AMOVA分析显示群体内方差分量的贡献率占79.89%,而群体间方差分量的贡献率占20.11%,区域间占32.39%,区域内为67.61%。Neis(72)群体遗传距离的UPGMA聚类分析显示群体间的遗传距离与群体的地理距离关系一致,Mantel分析相关系数为0.89。基于试验分析结果,蜡梅种质资源保护和利用策略为在优先保护现有群体的基础上,加强筛选和保存群体内的变异样本。
Five natural populations were selected from the Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link distribution and 7 pairs of SRAP (sequence-related amplified polymorphism) primers were selected for genetic diversity analysis. The results showed that the percentage of polymorphic bands was 23.4%, the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) was 83.41%, the index of Neis gene diversity (h) was 0.21-0.25 (mean was 0.22), Shannons information index 0.34, the coefficient of population differentiation (Gst) was 0.17, and the estimate of the total gene flow among populations, Nm, was 2.40. The AMOVA analysis showed that the contribution rate of variance components in the population accounted for 79.89%, while the variance component of the population accounted for 20.11%, accounting for 32.39% among the regions and 67.61% within the region. The UPGMA cluster analysis of Neis (72) population showed that the genetic distance between populations was consistent with the geographic distance of the population, and the correlation coefficient of Mantel analysis was 0.89. Based on the results of the experimental analysis, the strategies for the conservation and utilization of Chimonanthus praecox in germplasm resources are to strengthen the screening and preservation of the variation samples in the population based on the priority protection of existing populations.