The quality of gasoline and diesel fuel affects pollutant emissions from vehicles. By applying the COMPLEX model, developed by the MUS EPA and industry to relate fuel composition to vehicle emissions, this paper estimates the influence of improvements in gasoline quality to lower vehicular NOx emissions. A case study is performed for Guangzhou City that has NOr concentrations significantly above the national ambient air quality standards(NAAQS).The paper discusses the potential for reducing NOx in Guangzhou by improving the quality of gasoline.