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采用激光熔覆法分别在Cu、Fe基体上制备Fe、TC4钛合金熔覆层,利用分离式Hopkinson压杆测试上述两种复合结构材料在2 200~4 200 s-1应变率加载下的真应力-真应变曲线,用扫描电镜观察界面显微组织结构,用X射线衍射分析测定界面处所含物相成分。结果表明:在Cu基板上制备的Fe熔覆层中产生轻微氧化,界面处形成良好的冶金结合;FeTC4界面处形成金属间化合物和氧化物构成的界面反应层;高应变率动态加载下,Cu-Fe、Fe-TC4双层复合结构材料的真应力值均介于对应单金属材料之间,Cu-Fe界面保持良好的冶金结合,塑性变形能力优于纯Cu和纯Fe;Fe-TC4在较低应变率加载条件下表现出优于纯Fe的综合力学性能,在4 100 s-1应变率加载下界面反应层失效。
The cladding layer of Fe and TC4 titanium alloy was prepared on the Cu and Fe matrix by laser cladding method respectively. The Hopkinson pressure bar was used to test the compressive strength of the above two kinds of composite structures under the strain rate of 2 200 ~ 4 200 s-1 Stress-strain curve, the microstructure of the interface was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and the phase composition at the interface was measured by X-ray diffraction analysis. The results show that a slight oxidation occurs in the Fe cladding layer prepared on the Cu substrate and a good metallurgical bond is formed at the interface; an interfacial reaction layer formed by the intermetallic compound and the oxide is formed at the FeTC4 interface; under high-strain rate dynamic loading, Cu The true stress values of -Fe, Fe-TC4 double-layer composite structures are between the corresponding single metal materials, the metallurgical bonding at the Cu-Fe interface is good, the plastic deformation ability is better than the pure Cu and pure Fe; Fe-TC4 Under the condition of low strain rate loading, it shows better mechanical properties than pure Fe, and the interface reaction layer fails under 4 100 s-1 strain rate loading.